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1.
Chinese Journal of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery ; (12): 565-571, 2023.
Article in Chinese | WPRIM | ID: wpr-986928

ABSTRACT

Objective: To investigate the clinical characteristics, treatment experiences and prognostic factors for descending necrotizing mediastinitis (DNM). Methods: A retrospective analysis was performed on the data of 22 patients with DNM diagnosed and treated in Henan Provincial People's Hospital from January 2016 to August 2022, including 16 males and 6 females, aged 29-79 years. After admission, all patients underwent CT scanning of the maxillofacial, cervical, and thoracic regions to confirm their diagnoses. Emergency incision and drainage were performed. The neck incision was treated with continuous vacuum sealing drainage. According to the prognoses, the patients were divided into cure group and death group, and the prognostic factors were analyzed. SPSS 25.0 software was used to analyze the clinical data. Rusults: The main complaints were dysphagia (45.5%, 10/22) and dyspnea (50.0%, 11/22). Odontogenic infection accounted for 45.5% (10/22) and oropharyngeal infection accounted for 54.5% (12/22). There were 16 cases in the cured group and 6 cases in the death group, with a total mortality rate of 27.3%. The mortality rates of DNM typeⅠand typeⅡwere respectively 16.7% and 40%. Compared with the cured group, the death group had higher incidences for diabetes, coronary heart disease and septic shock (all P<0.05). There were statistically significant differences between the cure group and the death group in procalcitonin level (50.43 (137.64) ng/ml vs 2.92 (6.33) ng/ml, M(IQR), Z=3.023, P<0.05) and acute physiology and chronic health evaluation Ⅱ(APACHEⅡ) score (16.10±2.40 vs 6.75±3.19, t=6.524, P<0.05). Conclution: DNM is rare, with high mortality, high incidence of septic shock, and the increased procalcitonin level and APACHE Ⅱ score combined diabetes and coronary heart disease are the poor prognostic factors for DNM. Early incision and drainage combined with continuous vacuum sealing drainage technique is a better way to treat DNM.


Subject(s)
Male , Female , Humans , Mediastinitis/diagnosis , Shock, Septic/complications , Retrospective Studies , Procalcitonin , Prognosis , Drainage/adverse effects , Necrosis/therapy
2.
Rev. cir. (Impr.) ; 73(1): 95-99, feb. 2021. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1388794

ABSTRACT

Resumen Introducción: El tratamiento inoportuno e ineficaz de las infecciones odontogénicas puede causar complicaciones potencialmente mortales como la mediastinitis necrotizante descendente (MND). La MDN es una infección grave que afecta al cuello-tórax, con una alta tasa de mortalidad por sepsis e insuficiencia orgánica si no se trata de manera rápida y efectiva. Objetivo: Describir un caso de MND de origen odontogénico y su manejo médico-quirúrgico. Caso clínico: Presentamos un paciente de sexo masculino de 34 años que ingresa con un cuadro infeccioso agudo de origen odontogénico, que compromete espacios de la cabeza, cuello y tórax (mediastino superior), el cual se trata exitosamente. Discusión: Las infecciones odontogénicas son generalmente localizadas y que se pueden tratar mediante terapias convencionales. A pesar de esto, si estas infecciones no pueden controlarse, ya sea por no realización de tratamientos oportunos o por estados inmunosuprimidos del paciente, se pueden desarrollar diferentes complicaciones como la MND. Conclusión: Un diagnóstico rápido, el tratamiento quirúrgico agresivo, la terapia antibiótica adecuada y la atención de apoyo son los pilares fundamentales para el manejo de la MND.


Introduction: Inappropriate and ineffective treatment of odontogenic infections can cause life-threatening complications such as Descending Necrotizing Mediastinitis (MND). MDN is a serious infection that affects the neck-thorax, with a high mortality rate from sepsis and organ failure if it is not treated quickly and effectively. Aim: To describe a case of MND of odontogenic origin and its medical-surgical management. Case report: We present a 34-year-old male patient who is admitted with an acute infectious condition of odontogenic origin, which compromises spaces of the head, neck and thorax (upper mediastinum), which is treated successfully. Discussion: Odontogenic infections are generally localized and can be treated by conventional therapies. In spite of this, if these infections cannot be controlled, either by not carrying out appropriate treatments or by immunosuppressed states of the patient, different complications such as MND can develop. Conclusion: A rapid diagnosis, aggressive surgical treatment, adequate antibiotic therapy and supportive care are the fundamental pillars for the management of MND.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Adult , Focal Infection, Dental/surgery , Focal Infection, Dental/complications , Mediastinitis/surgery , Mediastinitis/etiology , Necrosis/therapy , Radiography, Thoracic , Tomography, X-Ray Computed , Treatment Outcome , Focal Infection, Dental/diagnostic imaging , Mediastinitis/diagnostic imaging , Neck/surgery
3.
Rev. bras. cir. plást ; 32(4): 583-585, out.-dez. 2017. ilus
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-878786

ABSTRACT

Introdução: Nas abdominoplastias clássicas, um resultado indesejado após o tracionamento do retalho abdominal é a ocorrência de uma retração suprapúbica, no meio da cicatriz horizontal quando esta coincide com o ponto superior da antiga cicatriz umbilical. Métodos: Foram avaliadas 45 pacientes submetidas à dermolipectomia abdominal associada à lipoaspiração de todo o abdome e flancos, com decorticação de uma área suprapúbica cerca de 5 cm acima da marcação inicial da linha de incisão, com posterior fixação na borda inferior do retalho abdominal. Resultados: Não foram observadas depressões ou necroses na região suprapúbica. Conclusão: Observamos, nos casos operados, que a presença de um coxim dermogorduroso na porção central da linha de sutura nas abdominoplastias clássicas, associada à reconstituição completa dos planos cirúrgicos e fixação deste coxim no retalho abdominal superior, evita a ocorrência de depressões nesta região, evita ocorrência de necroses e melhora a qualidade da cicatriz por redução da tensão de tração sobre os tecidos.


Introduction: In classic abdominoplasty, an undesirable result after abdominal flap traction is the occurrence of a suprapubic retraction in the middle of the horizontal scar when it coincides with the superior point of the old umbilical scar. Methods: Forty-five patients underwent abdominal dermolipectomy associated with liposuction of the entire abdomen and flanks, with decortication of the suprapubic area approximately 5 cm above the initial marking of the incision line, with posterior fixation at the lower border of the abdominal flap. Results: No depressions or necroses were observed in the suprapubic region. Conclusion: We observed that the presence of a dermofat flap in the central portion of the suture line in the classic abdominoplasties associated with the complete reconstruction of the surgical planes and the fixation of this flap in the upper abdominal flap avoids the occurrence of depressions in this region, prevents occurrence of necrosis, and improves the quality of the scar by reducing the tensile stress on the tissues.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , History, 21st Century , Lipectomy , Tissue Adhesions , Prospective Studies , Cicatrix , Abdomen , Abdominoplasty , Necrosis , Lipectomy/adverse effects , Lipectomy/methods , Tissue Adhesions/complications , Tissue Adhesions/therapy , Cicatrix/surgery , Cicatrix/complications , Abdominoplasty/methods , Abdominoplasty/rehabilitation , Abdomen/surgery , Necrosis/surgery , Necrosis/complications , Necrosis/therapy
4.
Rev. argent. cir. plást ; 23(3): 100-102, 20170000. fig
Article in Spanish | LILACS, BINACIS | ID: biblio-1390841

ABSTRACT

Las lesiones por mordedura de arácnidos del género Loxosceles producen lesiones locales y presentan pérdida de tejidos, con necrosis extensas que requieren cirugía reparadora. En algunos casos se observan lesiones sistémicas graves como hemólisis, coagulación intravascular diseminada e insufi ciencia renal aguda, que pueden desencadenar coma y muerte. Se aplicó un protocolo sistematizado basado en fasciotomías descompresivas, necrosectomías y posteriores coberturas con colgajos e injertos a pacientes que ingresaron con lesiones de aspecto necróticas con antecedente de contacto con arácnidos del género Loxosceles y clínica de miodermonecrólisis. Los casos tratados, evolucionaron favorablemente, con secuelas variables y sin comorbilidades importantes. Se presenta un modelo de protocolo actualizado, que permite efectivizar el tratamiento


The lesions for the arachnid's bite of the genus Loxosceles produce local lesions and present tissue loss whit extensive necrosis and required restorative surgery. In some cases, presents severe systemic lesions such as hemolysis, disseminated intravascular coagulation and acute renal failure can develop coma and death. Patients admitted with necrotic lesions with antecedent of contact with arachnids of the genus Loxosceles and clinic of miodermoncrelisis. A systematized protocol was applied based on decompressive fasciotomies, necrosectomies and posterior fl ap and graft coverage. The treated cases evolved favorably, without major comorbidities. An updated protocol model is presented, which allows eff ective treatment


Subject(s)
Humans , Arachnida , Spider Bites/therapy , Surgical Flaps/surgery , Wounds and Injuries/therapy , Clinical Protocols , Transplants/surgery , Brown Recluse Spider , Necrosis/therapy
5.
Rev. Col. Bras. Cir ; 44(1): 64-71, Jan.-Feb. 2017. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-842647

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Objective: to evaluate the efficacy of the treatment with hyperbaric oxygen therapy or with topical and intralesional heparin in an animal model of degloving lesions. Methods: we conducted an experimental study with adult, male Wistar rats submitted to degloving of the left hind limb and divided into four groups according to the treatment: Group 1 (control) - without treatment; Group 2 (Heparin) - intralesional application at the time of surgery and topically, in the postoperative period, with heparin spray 10,000IU/mL; Group 3 (hyperbaric oxygenation) - daily sessions of 30 minutes in a hyperbaric chamber with 100% oxygen and 2 ATA pressure; Group 4 (positive control) - administration of a single dose of 45 mg/kg of intraperitoneal allopurinol. On the seventh day, we killed the animals, removed the cutaneous flaps and measured the total and necrotic areas, as well as computed the percentage of necrotic area. Results: the mean percentage of necrosis in the control group was 56.03%; in the positive control group it was 51.36% (p<0.45); in the heparin group, 42.10% (p<0.07); and in the hyperbaric oxygen therapy group, 31.58% (p<0.01) . Conclusion: both hyperbaric oxygen and heparin therapies were effective in reducing the percentage of necrosis in the model studied, although only the hyperbaric oxygenation showed statistical significance.


RESUMO Objetivos: avaliar a eficácia do tratamento com oxigenoterapia hiperbárica ou com heparina tópica e intralesional em modelo animal de desluvamentos. Métodos: estudo experimental, com ratos adultos machos Wistar, submetidos a desluvamento do membro posterior esquerdo e divididos em quatro grupos, de acordo com o tratamento: Grupo 1 (controle) - sem tratamento; Grupo 2 (Heparina) - aplicação intralesional no momento da cirurgia e tópica, no pós operatório, com spray de heparina 10.000UI/mL; Grupo 3 (oxigenação hiperbárica) - sessões diárias de 30 minutos em câmara hiperbárica com 100% de oxigênio e 2 ATA de pressão; Grupo 4 (controle positivo) - administração de dose única de 45mg/kg de alopurionol intraperitoneal. No sétimo dia os animais foram mortos e os retalhos cutâneos foram retirados e realizadas medidas das áreas total e necrótica, bem como cálculo da porcentagem da área de necrose. Resultados: a média da porcentagem de necrose do grupo controle foi 56,03%; no grupo controle positivo, 51,36% (p≤0,45); no grupo da heparina, 42,10% (p≤0,07) e no grupo da oxigenoterapia hiperbárica, 31,58% (p≤0,01). Conclusão: tanto a oxigenoterapia hiperbárica quanto a terapia com heparina mostraram-se eficazes na redução do percentual de necrose no modelo estudado, embora neste trabalho apenas a oxigenação hiperbárica tenha demonstrado significância estatística.


Subject(s)
Animals , Male , Rats , Heparin/therapeutic use , Degloving Injuries/therapy , Hyperbaric Oxygenation , Skin/pathology , Rats, Wistar , Disease Models, Animal , Degloving Injuries/pathology , Necrosis/therapy
6.
Rev. Soc. Cardiol. Estado de Säo Paulo ; 26(2): 78-85, abr.-jun.2016. ilus, tab, graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-796510

ABSTRACT

A dor torácica é o sintoma que leva o paciente ao serviço de emergência e, nesse contexto,é fundamental que se faça o diagnóstico de uma síndrome coronariana aguda (SCA). Aavaliação adequada das características dos sintomas e a realização imediata de eletrocardiogramano atendimento inicial permitem o diagnóstico e, na maioria das vezes, apontamo melhor tratamento. Pelo eletrocardiograma podemos prontamente estabelecer o diagnóstico de SCA com supra de ST, que caracteriza infarto agudo do miocárdio e orienta parao tratamento de reperfusão o quanto antes. A ausência desse achado eletrocardiográfico caracteriza SCA sem supra de ST, que requer melhor definição prognóstica. Os marcadores de necrose miocárdica contribuem para melhor definição diagnóstica e estratificação de risco desses pacientes. Para aqueles cujos aspectos clínicos fazem suspeitar de quadrode isquemia aguda do miocárdio, mas que não apresentam um traçado eletrocardiográfico e marcadores de necrose com alterações suficientes para um diagnóstico mais definitivo, os testes isquêmicos não invasivos como o teste ergométrico, o ecocardiograma ou acintilografia de perfusão miocárdica, de repouso ou de esforço ou ainda com estresse farmacológico, podem contribuir tanto para o diagnóstico, quanto para a estratificaçãode risco. Mais recentemente, com a angiotomografia das coronárias ou com protocolos de atendimento de curta duração que utilizam troponinas de alta sensibilidade, podemos confirmar a presença de SCA ou afastá-la com segurança, reduzindo significativamente a permanência hospitalar desses pacientes...


Chest pain is the symptom that brings the patient to the emergency department and in this context, it is essential to make the diagnosis of an acute coronary syndrome (ACS). Proper evaluation of the characteristics of the symptoms and the immediate realization of an electrocardiogram in the initial care allow the diagnosis and, in most cases, indicate the best treatment. The electrocardiogram can readily establish the diagnosis of ACS with STelevation, featuring acute myocardial infarction, and guides for the treatment of reperfusionas soon as possible. The absence of this electrocardiographic finding is compatible with an ACS without ST elevation, which requires better prognostic definition. Myocardial necrosis markers contribute to better diagnostic definition and risk stratification of these patients. For those whose clinical aspects lead to suspicion of acute myocardial ischemia, but do not have an electrocardiographic tracing and necrosis markers with enough change for a more definitive diagnosis, non-invasive ischemic tests such as exercise test, echocardiography or stress-rest myocardial perfusion scintigraphy, or pharmacologic stress can contribute to both the diagnosis and the risk stratification. More recently, with CT angiography of the coronaryor with short-term treatment protocols using high-sensitivity troponins, we can confirm the presence of ACS or rule out it safely, significantly reducing the hospital stay of these patients...


Subject(s)
Humans , Biomarkers , Chest Pain/diagnosis , Chest Pain/therapy , Myocardial Infarction/diagnosis , Myocardial Infarction/therapy , Acute Coronary Syndrome/diagnosis , Diagnosis, Differential , Echocardiography/methods , Electrocardiography/methods , Myocardial Ischemia/diagnosis , Necrosis/diagnosis , Necrosis/therapy , Patients , Exercise Test/methods
7.
Braz. j. med. biol. res ; 48(4): 292-298, 4/2015.
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-744365

ABSTRACT

Programmed necrosis or necroptosis is an alternative form of cell death that is executed through a caspase-independent pathway. Necroptosis has been implicated in many pathological conditions. Genetic or pharmacological inhibition of necroptotic signaling has been shown to confer neuroprotection after traumatic and ischemic brain injury. Therefore, the necroptotic pathway represents a potential target for neurological diseases that are managed by neurosurgeons. In this review, we summarize recent advances in the understanding of necroptotic signaling pathways and explore the role of necroptotic cell death in craniocerebral trauma, brain tumors, and cerebrovascular diseases.


Subject(s)
Humans , Apoptosis/physiology , Brain Injuries/therapy , Cerebrovascular Disorders/therapy , Necrosis/therapy , Receptors, Death Domain/physiology , Brain Injuries/pathology , Brain Injuries/physiopathology , Cell Death , Cerebrovascular Disorders/pathology , Cerebrovascular Disorders/physiopathology , Death Domain Receptor Signaling Adaptor Proteins/physiology , Hydroxycholesterols/pharmacology , Necrosis/physiopathology , Neuroprotective Agents/antagonists & inhibitors , Signal Transduction/physiology , Toll-Like Receptors/physiology
8.
Rev. bras. cir. plást ; 30(1): 38-43, 2015. ilus
Article in English, Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-869

ABSTRACT

Introdução: A reconstrução do complexo areolomamilar é a fase final da reconstrução mamária. As técnicas de reconstrução do mamilo mais utilizadas são com retalhos locais ou enxertos. A utilização destas técnicas em mamas que sofreram queimaduras apresenta resultados indesejados, em decorrência da menor vascularização da pele lesada. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a utilização do retalho trilobado autonomizado na reconstrução do mamilo em mamas queimadas. Métodos: Oito pacientes do sexo feminino tiveram seus mamilos reconstruídas em dois tempos cirúrgicos. Resultados: Não ocorreram complicações, como necrose, deiscência, perda completa da projeção do novo mamilo ou infecção. A projeção média ao término da cirurgia foi de 15,25 mm e, após seis meses de reconstrução, foi de 3 mm, permanecendo estável. Todas as pacientes ficaram satisfeitas com os resultados. Conclusão: Concluímos que a autonomização deu segurança à reconstrução do mamilo em mamas queimadas e manteve projeção mínima satisfatória do mamilo reconstruído.


Introduction: Reconstruction of the nipple-areola complex is the final stage of breast reconstruction. The most common nipple reconstruction techniques use local flaps or grafts. However, these techniques in cases of burns produce undesirable outcomes due to the decreased vascularization of damaged skin. The objective of this work was to evaluate the use of the autonomized star flap in the nipple reconstruction of burned breasts. Methods: Nipples were reconstructed in eight female patients in two surgeries each. Results: There were no complications such as necrosis, dehiscence, complete loss of projection of the new nipple, or infection. The mean projection at the end of surgery was 15.25 mm; 6 months after reconstruction, it was 3 mm, showing stability. All patients were satisfied with their results. Conclusion: We conclude that autonomization leads to safe reconstruction of the nipple on burned breasts and maintains a satisfactory minimal projection of the reconstructed nipple.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Adult , History, 21st Century , Postoperative Complications , Surgical Flaps , Transplantation , Breast , Mammaplasty , Plastic Surgery Procedures , Evaluation Study , Mammary Glands, Human , Necrosis , Nipples , Postoperative Complications/surgery , Surgical Flaps/surgery , Transplantation/methods , Breast/surgery , Mammaplasty/methods , Plastic Surgery Procedures/methods , Mammary Glands, Human/surgery , Necrosis/surgery , Necrosis/complications , Necrosis/therapy , Nipples/surgery
9.
Rev. cuba. hematol. inmunol. hemoter ; 30(3): 288-293, jul.-set. 2014.
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-723767

ABSTRACT

La utilización de lisado plaquetario alogénico abre otra posibilidad terapéutica en ortopedia. Se presenta su uso en una paciente femenina de 40 años de edad, con antecedentes de asma bronquial y tratamiento con esteroides, que como consecuencia de una caída sufrió herida avulsiva extensa en el tercio inferior de la pierna derecha con desgarro de piel de aproximadamente 11 cm con vértice distal y base proximal estrecha, que solamente tomó piel; y otra herida similar, aledaña a esta lesión, de aproximadamente 6 cm de diámetro. Se le realizó toilette y necreptomía de los bordes que tenían signos de necrosis, fundamentalmente los vértices. Se le realizaron puntos de afrontamiento donde se observó extrema fragilidad de la piel, se inició tratamiento con antibióticoterapia. A las 48 horas se observó necrosis de dos tercios del colgajo de piel, el cual se decidió mantener hasta pasados 10 días. Cuando se le retiró se comenzó a usar lisado plaquetario local en curaciones en días alternos. Se observó mejoría de la granulación, no así de la piel aledaña a la lesión. Posteriormente se le realizó infiltración perilesional con lisado plaquetario alogénico, con cuyo proceder mejoró el aspecto de la lesión y la cicatrización en un período de solo 7 días...


The use of allogenic platelet lysate opens another therapeutic possibility in orthopedics. Its use is presented in a 40 year-old patient with previous history of bronchial asthma and treated with steroids who, as a result a fall, suffered an extensive avulsive wound in her right foot of approximately 11 cm with skin laceration and necrosis of the torn piece, with vertex distal and proximal base that only took skin, with another torn piece of similar bodering and a diameter of approximatety 6 cm. A toilette and necrectomy of the cyanotic edge was made, mainly in the vertexes. Confrontation stitches were taken and an extreme fragility of the skin was observed when carrying this procedure. Treatment with antibiotics was started and after 48 hours necrosis of two third of the skin of the torn piece was observed which was not removed for ten days. After removal local therapy with alogenic platelet lysate was applied on alternate days. Improving of granulation was observed, but not in the surrounding skin lesion. Then, a perilessional infiltration with allogenic platelet lysate was made which improved the lesion appearance and its healing in a period of only 7 days...


Subject(s)
Humans , Adult , Female , Free Tissue Flaps/pathology , Platelet-Derived Growth Factor/therapeutic use , Necrosis/therapy , Transplantation, Homologous
10.
Indian J Exp Biol ; 2013 Mar; 51(3): 228-234
Article in English | IMSEAR | ID: sea-147586

ABSTRACT

Rats treated with isoproterenol (ISO, 85 mg/kg, sc, twice at an interval of 24 h) showed a significant increase in heart rate, mean arterial blood pressure, pressure rate index, ST elevation on ECG, and a significant increase in the levels of cardiac marker enzymes- lactate dehydrogenase, and creatine kinase in serum and a significant reduction in superoxide dismutase, and catalase and increase in thiobarbituric acid reactive substance activity in heart tissue. Treatment with Human umbilical cord blood (hUCBC; 500 and 1000 µL, iv, via the tail vein; 2 h after the second dose of ISO) significantly restored back to normal levels and showed a lesser degree of cellular infiltration and infarct size in histopathological and planimetry studies respectively. Thus, hUCBC ameliorates cardiotoxic effects of isoproterenol and may be of value in the treatment of myocardial infarction.


Subject(s)
Animals , Antioxidants/metabolism , Blood Pressure/drug effects , Cardiotoxins/metabolism , Creatine Kinase/metabolism , Dose-Response Relationship, Drug , Electrocardiography , Electrophysiology/methods , Fetal Blood/cytology , Heart Rate , Humans , Isoproterenol/pharmacology , L-Lactate Dehydrogenase/metabolism , Male , Myocardial Infarction/metabolism , Myocardium/metabolism , Myocardium/pathology , Necrosis/pathology , Necrosis/therapy , Rats , Rats, Wistar , Time Factors
11.
Gastroenterol. latinoam ; 24(supl.1): S98-S101, 2013. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-763734

ABSTRACT

Acute pancreatitis is a disease that presents heterogeneously with varying severity depending on pancreatic parenchyma and peripancreatic fat. The aim of this publication is to present the nomenclature in use in the different collections that develop in the evolution of acute pancreatitis, and management options of these collections, focusing on the management of infected pancreatic necrosis; emphasizing the benefits, results and limitations of each technique and describing some techniques under development.


La pancreatitis aguda es una enfermedad que se presenta en forma heterogénea con distinta gravedad según el compromiso del parénquima pancreático y de la grasa peripancreática. El objetivo de esta publicación es dar a conocer la nomenclatura en uso en las distintas colecciones que se manifiestan en la evolución de la pancreatitis aguda y las opciones de manejo de estas colecciones, enfocándose en el manejo de la necrosis pancreática infectada; enfatizando las ventajas, resultados y limitaciones de cada técnica, además de describir algunas técnicas en desarrollo.


Subject(s)
Humans , Drainage/methods , Necrosis/therapy , Pancreatitis, Acute Necrotizing/therapy , Necrosis/surgery , Pancreatitis, Acute Necrotizing/surgery , Digestive System Surgical Procedures/methods
12.
Neumol. pediátr ; 8(2): 79-85, 2013. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-701693

ABSTRACT

Complicated pneumonia with pleural effusion or empyema is a condition that its incidence has been increasing in recent years. Its early diagnosis and timely management reduce costs and shorten hospital stays for patients. The optimized diagnostic aids treatments. In recent years the intervention and fibrinolytic substances as VATS surgery have opened a positive outlook in handling controversies exist yet at the time of application. This article reviews these aspects.


La neumonía complicada con derrame pleural o empiema es una patología que ha ido incrementando su incidencia en los últimos años. Su diagnóstico temprano y su manejo oportuno disminuyen los costos y acortan las estancias hospitalarias de los pacientes. Las ayudas diagnósticas optimizan los tratamientos. En los últimos años la intervención con sustancias fibrinolíticas y las intervenciones quirúrgicas como la videotoracoscopia han abierto un panorama positivo en el manejo sin embargo, existen controversias en el momento de su aplicación. Este artículo hace una revisión de estos aspectos.


Subject(s)
Humans , Child , Empyema, Pleural/etiology , Empyema, Pleural/therapy , Necrosis/etiology , Necrosis/therapy , Pneumonia/complications , Pneumonia/therapy , Algorithms , Drainage , Empyema, Pleural/diagnosis , Necrosis/diagnosis , Pneumonia/diagnosis , Radiography, Thoracic , Thoracic Surgery, Video-Assisted , Thrombolytic Therapy , Tomography, X-Ray Computed , Ultrasonography
13.
Rev. bras. cir. plást ; 26(3): 488-495, July-Sept. 2011. ilus
Article in English, Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-608209

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: In lipominiabdominoplasty and mid-abdominoplasty procedures, the umbilicus is usually undermined from its aponeurotic fixation; this modifies its normal vascular pattern. In patients undergoing these procedures and candidates for a secondary classic abdominoplasty, trophic changes, including necrosis, may occur in the umbilical scar. To avoid trophic complications in the neo-umbilicus, autonomization of the umbilical scar was carried out. METHODS: Three candidates for a secondary classic abdominoplasty underwent the umbilicus autonomization process in the private clinic of the corresponding author. One incision, 1 cm from the umbilical scar, was performed from the skin to the aponeurotic plane on each side, with an interval of 15 days between the two surgical incisions. After the second incision, the patient waited for a further 15 days. Thus, the whole process took 30 days before classic abdominoplasty was performed. RESULTS: No trophic alterations or necrosis in the umbilical scar were observed in these cases. CONCLUSIONS: The aesthetic results were satisfactory, indicating the effectiveness of this method.


INTRODUÇÃO: Nos procedimentos de lipominiabdominoplastia e midiabdominoplastia, usualmente, o umbigo é destacado de sua fixação aponeurótica, o que modifica o padrão vascular do umbigo. Em pacientes submetidos a esses procedimentos e candidatos a abdominoplastia clássica secundária, podem ocorrer alterações tróficas da cicatriz umbilical e, até mesmo, necroses. Utilizou-se a manobra de autonomização da cicatriz umbilical para evitar complicações tróficas do neoumbigo. MÉTODO: Foram submetidas ao processo de autonomização da cicatriz umbilical 3 pacientes candidatas a abdominoplastia clássica secundária, na clínica privada do autor principal. A técnica compreende uma incisão a 1 cm da cicatriz umbilical, desde a pele até o plano aponeurótico, de cada lado, com intervalo de 15 dias entre cada etapa, no total de dois tempos cirúrgicos. O processo como um todo leva 30 dias, antes da abdominoplastia clássica. RESULTADOS: Não foram observadas alterações tróficas ou necroses da cicatriz umbilical nos casos submetidos ao processo de autonomização. CONCLUSÕES: Os resultados estéticos foram satisfatórios, o que atestou a efetividade do método.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Aged , History, 21st Century , Surgery, Plastic , Umbilicus , Abdomen , Abdominoplasty , Aponeurosis , Surgical Wound , Necrosis , Surgery, Plastic/methods , Umbilicus/surgery , Umbilicus/injuries , Abdominoplasty/adverse effects , Abdominoplasty/methods , Aponeurosis/surgery , Surgical Wound/surgery , Surgical Wound/therapy , Abdomen/surgery , Necrosis/surgery , Necrosis/therapy
14.
Arch. argent. pediatr ; 107(3): 256-258, jun. 2009. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-522059

ABSTRACT

El loxoscelismo es una patología producida por picadura de arañas del género Loxosceles que en nuestro país está representado principalmente por L. laeta. Se caracteriza por necrosis cutánea y, en un bajo porcentaje, se acompaña de manifestaciones sistémicas que pueden conducir a la muerte. El objetivo de esta presentación es dar a conocer el caso clínico de un paciente de 6 años que desarrolló loxoscelismo cutáneo-visceral con buena evolución.


Subject(s)
Male , Child , Diagnosis, Differential , Insect Bites and Stings/complications , Insect Bites and Stings/diagnosis , Insect Bites and Stings/therapy , Necrosis/therapy , Spider Venoms/therapeutic use
15.
West Indian med. j ; 57(1): 40-47, Jan. 2008. ilus, tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-672338

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the time and type of treatment following extravasation from intravenous infusion and the sequelae of the injuries. METHOD: The charts of 12 patients who were referred to the Plastic and Orthopaedic Services at the University Hospital of the West Indies were reviewed. The study period was between May 2003 and January 2007. Data were collected on age, gender, site of extravasation, extravasated agent, treatment of the extravasation, necrosis interval, duration of hospital stay for treatment of injury and whether the intravenous line was resited and at what site in relation to the injury. RESULTS: The age of patients ranged from three days to 67 years. The female-to-male ratio was 2 : 1. In five patients, the intravenous infusion was discontinued immediately after the swelling was noticed. In two patients, the intravenous infusion was stopped after seven hours and in five patients it was discontinued within 12 to 22 hours. The necrosis interval ranged from 12 hours to three weeks. Immediate treatment following extravasation and discontinuation of the infusion included limb elevation in three patients and application of cold compresses in one patient. Eleven patients developed skin necrosis of varying severities. There was no skin necrosis in one patient. Ten patients spent an average of 31 extra days in hospital for treatment of the extravasation injury. Two patients were treated in an out-patient clinic. CONCLUSIONS: Extravenous leaks can cause severe tissue injuries. Morbidity is increased by delay in recognition and treatment of the extravasation. A protocol for the treatment of extravasation is recommended.


OBJETIVOS: Evaluar el tiempo y tipo de tratamiento tras la extravasación de una perfusión intravenosa y las secuelas de las lesiones. MÉTODO: Se revisaron las historias clínicas de 12 pacientes que fueron remitidos a los Servicios de Ortopedia y Cirugía Plástica del Hospital Universitario de West Indies. El periodo del estudio tuvo lugar entre mayo de 2003 y enero de 2007. Los datos fueron recopilados en relación con edad, género, lugar de la extravasación, agente extravasado, tratamiento de la extravasación, duración del intervalo de necrosis, duración de la permanencia en el hospital para el tratamiento de la lesión, y reubicación o no de la línea intravenosa, así como la especificación de su lugar en relación con la lesión. RESULTADOS: La edad de los pacientes fluctuó de tres días a 67 años. La proporción hembra/varón fue de 2:1. En cada uno de los casos, una sustancia capaz de causar la necrosis se había infiltrado por goteo en el tejido subcutáneo a partir de una perfusión intravenosa. En cinco pacientes, la perfusión intravenosa fue discontinuada inmediatamente después de que se observó la inflamación. En dos pacientes, la perfusión intravenosa fue detenida después de siete horas y en cinco pacientes fue discontinuada dentro de 12 a 22 horas. El rango de intervalo de la necrosis fue de 12 horas a tres semanas. El tratamiento inmediato tras la extravasación y el cese de la perfusión incluyeron la elevación de miembros en tres pacientes y la aplicación de compresas frías en un paciente. Once pacientes desarrollaron necrosis cutánea de diversos grados de severidad. No hubo necrosis cutánea alguna en un paciente. Diez pacientes pasaron un promedio de 31 días extras en el hospital para el tratamiento de la lesión de la extravasación. Dos pacientes fueron tratados en una clínica ambulatoria. CONCLUSIONES: El goteo extravenoso puede causar lesiones severas del tejido. La morbosidad aumenta con la demora en el reconocimiento y tratamiento de la extravasación. Se recomienda un protocolo para el tratamiento de la extravasación.


Subject(s)
Adult , Aged , Child, Preschool , Female , Humans , Infant , Infant, Newborn , Male , Middle Aged , Young Adult , Extravasation of Diagnostic and Therapeutic Materials/complications , Skin/pathology , Clinical Protocols , Cohort Studies , Extravasation of Diagnostic and Therapeutic Materials/prevention & control , Hospitals, University , Length of Stay , Necrosis/etiology , Necrosis/therapy , Retrospective Studies , Skin/injuries
16.
Rev. venez. cir ; 60(3): 114-117, sept. 2007. tab, graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-539988

ABSTRACT

Presentar la experiencia de nuestro servicio en el manejo de la gangrena de Fournier entre los años 1996 a 2006. Estudio retrospectivo y descriptivo. Se estudiaron a todos los pacientes ingresados por gangrena de Fournier en el Servicio de Cirugía Uno del Hospital Vargas de Caracas, entre enero de 1996 y diciembre 2006. Se estudiaron un total de 10 pacientes que habían presentado gangrena de Fournier, todos pertenecían al género masculino. El grupo etario más afectado fue el grupo entre 51 y 60 años con un 40 por ciento (cuatro casos). En cuanto al foco primario se observó con más frecuencia el de origen anorrectal con un 50 por (cinco casos). El número de limpiezas realizadas fue entre uno y cinco, con promedio de 2,7 limpiezas quirúrgicas por pacientes. Se realizaron colostomías derivativas al 80 por ciento de los pacientes, cistostomías al 30 por ciento, se manejo la vía urinaria al 70 por ciento con sonda de Foley, se realizaron injertos al 70 por ciento de los enfermos. No hubo decesos en esta serie de pacientes. La gangrena de Fournier debe ser diagnósticada en forma rápida, manejada en forma agresiva y con medidas de soporte que permitan un adecuado control metabólico e infeccioso.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Cephalosporins/administration & dosage , Colostomy/methods , Fournier Gangrene/surgery , Fournier Gangrene/pathology , Bacterial Infections/therapy , Transplants/statistics & numerical data , Cephalosporins , Necrosis/etiology , Necrosis/therapy , Rectum/injuries , Urology
17.
ACM arq. catarin. med ; 36(supl.1): 154-156, jun. 2007. ilus
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-509589

ABSTRACT

Introdução: além das causas mais freqüentes de perdasnasais-traumaecâncer-observamososurgimento de novas situações geradoras de mutilação do nariz, requerendo adaptações à abordagem do problema. Objetivo: apresentar dois casos de reconstrução nasal após injeção de polimetilmetacrilato para preenchimento estético na face. Método: Duas pacientes submetidas à reconstrução nasal por necrose conseqüente à injeção de polimetilmetacrilato. Resultados: visibilizados nas figuras 4, 5 e 6. Discussão: o polimetilmetacrilato é uma das substâncias utilizadas na bioplastia. A necrose conseqüente à injeção do polimetilmetacrilato para fins estéticos é uma nova entidade clínica, cuja incidência é desconhecida e a fisiopatologia sujeita à discussão. Modificações na rotina de reconstrução foram necessárias em virtude das condições locais. Retalhos septais, melhor escolha para a reparação do forro, foram contraindicados por comprometimento vascular. Utilizaram-se retalhos de pele previamente enxertada, associados a enxertos de cartilagem auricular e rotação de retalho frontal paramediano, procurando-seres peitar o princípio das subunidades anatômicas. Conclusão:a necrosedesegmentos da face após a injeção de polimetilmetecrilato é uma nova entidade clínica, cuja incidência é desconhecida, acrescentando nova etiologia às perdas nasais. Os fundamentos da reconstrução de nariz devem ser aplicados,buscando-se soluções individuais que adaptem- se às peculiaridades de cada situação.


Introduction: Inaddiction to the most frequentcauses of nasal tissue lost- cancer and trauma- new situations generating the mutilation ofthen osehavearrived, requiring adaptations to the problem-solving approach. Objective:To report two cases of nasal reconstruction after polimetilmetacrilate injection for aesthetic purposes on the face. Methods: Two female patients underwent nasal reconstruction after necrosis caused by injection of polimetilmetacrilate.Discussion:Polimetilmetacrilatehave been used as a substance for inclusion. The necrosis caused by the injection of polimetilmetacrilate is a new clinical entity, with unknown incidence and ongoing discussion of its phisiopathology. Changes in the routine of the nasal reconstruction were necessary due to local conditions. Septal flaps, the first choice for lining repair, were discarted because of previous vascular damage. Cutaneous flaps made of previously grafted skin were utilized in association with cartilage grafts and rotation of a paramedian frontal flap, following anatomical subunits principles. Conclusion: The necrosis of facial segments after injection of polimetilmetacrilate is a new clinical entity, with unknown incidence, that can be added as a new etiology of nasal tissue lost. The fundaments of nasal reconstruction should be applied, looking for individual solutions wich adapt to the peculiarities of each situation.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Middle Aged , Necrosis , Nose , Polymethyl Methacrylate , Nose/abnormalities , Nose/surgery , Necrosis/surgery , Necrosis/rehabilitation , Necrosis/therapy , Polymethyl Methacrylate/administration & dosage , Polymethyl Methacrylate/adverse effects , Polymethyl Methacrylate/toxicity
18.
Rev. argent. coloproctología ; 18(1): 287-296, mar. 2007. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-471590

ABSTRACT

Antecedentes: La necrosis isquémica o infarto del cecoascendente es una entidad rara, asociada frecuentemente a patologías extracolónicas, como las afecciones cardiológicas, metabólicas (diabetes), trastornos renales crónicos en pacientes en plan de hemodiálisis y traumatismos abdominales con shock hipovolémico. No es frecuente la necrosis isquémica del cecoascendente como único sector involucrado del colon. Objetivo: Analizar factores predisponentes y desencadenantes que contribuyen a la isquemia del cecoascendente, su forma de presentación y su sintomatología. Analizar la utilidad de los exámenes complementarios y definir la táctica quirúrgica adecuada. Diseño: Análisis retrospectivo. Pacientes y Método: En el período comprendido entre los años 1980 y 2005, se trataron en el Complejo Médico Churruca-Visca, ocho pacientes con diagnóstico de necrosis del cecoascendente como único sector colónico involucrado. Cinco (62,5 por ciento) correspondieron al sexo masculino y tres (37,5 por ciento) al femenino. Las edades oscilaron entre los 38 y 80 años con un promedio de 62 años. Cinco pacientes tenían una insuficiencia cardíaca congestiva tratada con diuréticos y digitálicos y tres una insuficiencia renal crónica en plan de hemodiálisis. El cuadro dominante de presentación fue el dolor en la fosa ilíaca derecha con reacción peritoneal. Como estudios preoperatorios se efectuaron análisis de sangre, radiografías de tórax y abdomen, ecografía abdominal y en cuatro casos tomografía axial computada. Todos los pacientes fueron explorados quirúrgicamente, hallando en dos casos necrosis cecal y en los restantes necrosis del cecoascendente. Dos pacientes presentaban una peritonitis purulenta localizada y los restantes una generalizada. Resultados: Se realizó exteriorización de la lesión cecal (cecostomía) en tres pacientes y una hemicolectomía derecha en los otros cinco casos. En estos últimos, en tres se exteriorizaron ambos cabos y en dos se realizó una anastomosis ileotr


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Colitis, Ischemic/etiology , Colitis, Ischemic/drug therapy , Colitis, Ischemic/therapy , Cecal Diseases/etiology , Cecal Diseases/drug therapy , Necrosis/etiology , Necrosis/drug therapy , Necrosis/therapy , Age Factors , Colonic Diseases , Cecum/blood supply , Cecum/pathology , Colorectal Surgery/mortality , Colon, Ascending/blood supply , Reoperation , Retrospective Studies , Sex Factors
19.
Rev. argent. resid. cir ; 10(1): 28-31, abr. 2005. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-563201

ABSTRACT

Introducción: La Oxigenoterapia Hiperbárica (OHB) se ha convertido en el tratamiento de elección de numerosas patologías. Sin embargo, su rol en el tratamiento de las Infecciones Necrotizantes de partes blandas (INPB) es aún controvertido.Objetivo: Evaluar el beneficio de la Oxigenoterapia Hiperbárica (OHB) en el tratamiento de las Infecciones Necrotizantes de partes blandas (INPB).Método: Retrospectivo, revisión de historias clínicas y seguimiento de los casos. Durante el período de Enero 1996 a Diciembre2002, una población de 42 pacientes con INPB, se categorizó las lesiones de acuerdo a profundidad según la clasificación de Ámsterdam y se los dividió en 2 grupos: el grupo I (n = 18) que completó el protocolo de 10 sesione de OHB de 60 minutos cada una a 2.5 atmósferas absolutas (ATA), iniciando el 1º día del postoperatorio y el grupo II (n = 24) que no lo completó. En todos los casos se realizó desbridamiento quirúrgico precoz y antibioticoterapia.Resultado: En el grupo I hubo 12 (66.6%) recuperaciones completas, 5 (27.7%) secuelas leves y 1 (5.7%) grave, en el grupo II hubo 5 (20.8%) recuperaciones completas, 8 (33.4%) secuelas leves y 5 (20.8%) graves. La flora patógena fue en el 85.7% de los casos polimicrobiana. La mortalidad global fue del 25%, todos del grupo II.Conclusión: Se observó una relación inversamente proporcional entre el número de sesiones de OHB y la morbimortalidad. La OHB fue beneficiosa en esta serie como tratamiento complementario a la cirugía y los antibióticos.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Case Reports , Necrosis/classification , Necrosis/diagnosis , Necrosis/mortality , Necrosis/therapy
20.
Bulletin of the Kuwait Institute for Medical Specialization. 2004; 3 (1): 39-42
in English | IMEMR | ID: emr-65611

ABSTRACT

This article, Endodontic treatment of necrotic teeth with immature roots is designated as CME/CPD. It provides the reader with the opportunity to obtain credits under the MPC Program of KIMS. Readers who study it, answer the questions related to it on page 42, and send a copy of the Answer Sheet [page 50] to the CME Center of KIMS become eligible for 0.5 CME/CPD credit in Category 1. To claim credit, the reader has to be registered in the MPC Program, the answer sheet should be received by the CME Center before 31 May 2005, and all questions should have been attempted. Readers would then receive a certificate from the CME Center indicating the credit data


Subject(s)
Humans , Tooth Diseases/pathology , Necrosis/therapy , Endodontics , Root Canal Therapy , Dental Pulp Necrosis
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